U.S. tariffs · Section 301
Section 301 tariffs on Brazil (digital trade, ethanol, deforestation and other practices)
In effect (status checked Oct 16, 2026, the last day we checked the Federal Register for later documents).
USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 (91 FR 45516): “In accordance with the specific direction of the President, the Trade Representative is taking action by imposing 25 percent tariffs on all imports of Brazil, with certain exemptions.”
USTR opened a Section 301 investigation on July 15, 2025 into Brazil's acts, policies and practices on digital trade and electronic payment services, preferential tariffs, anti-corruption enforcement, intellectual property protection, ethanol market access and illegal deforestation. In a notice published June 4, 2026, USTR found certain practices actionable and proposed a 25% tariff. Following a July 15, 2026 presidential memorandum, USTR imposed a 25% additional duty on all products of Brazil from 12:01 a.m. eastern time on July 22, 2026. Exemptions include the Section 232 goods listed in U.S. note 50(a)(vi), civil aircraft and parts, listed articles for pharmaceutical use, certain raw materials, donations and informational materials. From July 31, 2026, patented pharmaceutical articles were added to the exemptions. The duty applies in addition to other Chapter 99 duties unless an exemption applies.
| Legal authority | Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 “The United States Trade Representative (Trade Representative) has determined under Section 301(b) and Section 304(a) of the Trade Act of 1974, as amended (Trade Act), that certain of Brazil's acts, policies, and practices at issue in this investigation are actionable” USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 |
|---|---|
| Countries | Brazil “heading 9903.05.01 imposes an additional ad valorem rate of duty on imports of all products of Brazil.” USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 |
| What it covers | All products of Brazil, except goods listed in Annexes I and II, such as the Section 232 goods listed in U.S. note 50(a)(vi), civil aircraft and parts, articles for pharmaceutical use, certain raw materials, donations and informational materials. “appropriate and feasible action in this investigation is the application of tariffs of 25 percent to all imports of Brazil, with certain exemptions as detailed in Annex I and II to this notice.” USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 |
| Took effect | Jul 22, 2026, 12:01 a.m. eastern time “Effective with respect to goods entered for consumption, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, on or after 12:01 a.m. eastern time on July 22, 2026” USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 |
Rates
One row per rate the documents set. Rates in separate rows are not added together here; each document sets how its duty applies alongside others.
| Rate | What | From | In the document's words |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25% ad valorem, additional | All products of Brazil Products of Brazil not covered by an exemption in Annex I or II | Jul 22, 2026 | “the Trade Representative is taking action by imposing 25 percent tariffs on all imports of Brazil, with certain exemptions.” USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 ↗ |
Exceptions and stacking rules
| Rule | What | From | In the document's words |
|---|---|---|---|
| Not applied exemption | Section 232 goods in the headings listed in U.S. note 50(a)(vi) Articles of aluminum, steel or copper, derivative aluminum or steel articles, vehicles and parts, wood products, semiconductor articles and other goods listed in U.S. note 50(a)(vi); patented pharmaceutical articles added from July 31, 2026 | Jul 22, 2026 | “As provided in heading 9903.05.07, the additional duty imposed by heading 9903.05.01 shall not apply to: (1) articles of aluminum, of steel or of copper, nor to derivative aluminum or steel articles” USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 ↗ |
| Not applied exemption | Civil aircraft and parts Civil aircraft of Brazil, their engines, parts, components and ground flight simulators meeting general note 6 of the HTSUS | Jul 22, 2026 | “As provided in heading 9903.05.05, the additional duty imposed by heading 9903.05.01 shall not apply to articles the product of Brazil that are civil aircraft (all aircraft other than military aircraft)” USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 ↗ |
| Not applied exemption | Articles for pharmaceutical use Listed products of Brazil for use in pharmaceutical applications | Jul 22, 2026 | “As provided in heading 9903.05.06, the additional duty imposed by heading 9903.05.01 shall not apply to articles the product of Brazil for use in pharmaceutical applications” USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 ↗ |
| On top of other duties stacking rule | Stacking with other Chapter 99 duties Other additional duties in subchapter III or IV of chapter 99, except as provided in U.S. note 50(a)(ii)-(vi) | Jul 22, 2026 | “all products that are subject to the additional ad valorem rate of duty imposed by heading 9903.05.01 shall also be subject to any additional duty provided for in this subchapter or in subchapter IV of chapter 99.” USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 ↗ |
History
- Jul 15, 2025 USTR opened a Section 301 investigation into six areas of Brazil's acts, policies and practices. “In accordance with the specific direction of the President, on July 15, 2025 the U.S. Trade Representative initiated an investigation into Brazil's acts, policies, and practices related to digital trade and electronic payment services” USTR notice of Jul 18, 2025 ↗
- Jun 4, 2026 USTR published its determination that certain practices are actionable and proposed a 25% tariff on all goods of Brazil, with exemptions. “the Trade Representative proposes to determine that action is appropriate and that appropriate action would include applying tariffs of 25% on all goods of Brazil, with exemptions for certain goods” USTR notice of Jun 4, 2026 ↗
- Jul 15, 2026 A presidential memorandum directed USTR to impose the 25% tariff, with exemptions listed in its Annex. “(a) The Trade Representative shall impose a tariff of 25 percent on all goods of Brazil, with exemptions for certain goods as discussed in subsection (b) of this section.” Presidential memorandum of Jul 15, 2026 ↗
- Jul 22, 2026 The 25% additional duty on products of Brazil took effect. “Effective with respect to goods entered for consumption, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, on or after 12:01 a.m. eastern time on July 22, 2026” USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 ↗
- Jul 31, 2026 Patented pharmaceutical articles were added to the goods exempted under heading 9903.05.07. “on or after 12:01 a.m. eastern time on July 31, 2026, … The article description of heading 9903.05.07 is modified by inserting ''patented pharmaceutical articles;'' after ''wood products;''” USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 ↗
Source documents
- USTR notice Initiation of Section 301 Investigation: Brazil's Acts, Policies, and Practices Related to Digital Trade and Electronic Payment Services; Unfair, Preferential Tariffs; Anti-Corruption Enforcement; Intellectual Property Protection; Ethanol Market Access; and Illegal Deforestation; Hearing; and Request for Public Comments ↗ Opens the investigation
- USTR notice Notice of Determination and Request for Comments Concerning Action Pursuant to Section 301: Brazil's Acts, Policies, and Practices Related to Digital Trade and Electronic Payment Services; Unfair, Preferential Tariffs; Anti-Corruption Enforcement; Intellectual Property Protection; Ethanol Market Access; and Illegal Deforestation ↗ Determination and proposed 25% tariff
- Presidential memorandum Action by the United States in the Investigation Under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 of Brazil's Acts, Policies, and Practices Related to Digital Trade and Electronic Payment Services; Unfair, Preferential Tariffs; Anti-Corruption Enforcement; Intellectual Property Protection; Ethanol Market Access; and Illegal Deforestation ↗ Presidential memorandum directing the 25% tariff and exemptions
- USTR notice Notice of Action: Brazil's Acts, Policies, and Practices Related to Digital Trade and Electronic Payment Services; Unfair, Preferential Tariffs; Anti-Corruption Enforcement; Intellectual Property Protection; Ethanol Market Access; and Illegal Deforestation ↗ Imposes the 25% tariff and sets the exemptions
In the documents' own words
Every quote on this page, checked word for word against the Federal Register text of the document named.
- Authority
“The United States Trade Representative (Trade Representative) has determined under Section 301(b) and Section 304(a) of the Trade Act of 1974, as amended (Trade Act), that certain of Brazil's acts, policies, and practices at issue in this investigation are actionable”
USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 (91 FR 45516) ↗ - Status
“In accordance with the specific direction of the President, the Trade Representative is taking action by imposing 25 percent tariffs on all imports of Brazil, with certain exemptions.”
USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 (91 FR 45516) ↗ - What it covers
“appropriate and feasible action in this investigation is the application of tariffs of 25 percent to all imports of Brazil, with certain exemptions as detailed in Annex I and II to this notice.”
USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 (91 FR 45516) ↗ - Countries
“heading 9903.05.01 imposes an additional ad valorem rate of duty on imports of all products of Brazil.”
USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 (91 FR 45516) ↗ - Rate: All products of Brazil
“the Trade Representative is taking action by imposing 25 percent tariffs on all imports of Brazil, with certain exemptions.”
USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 (91 FR 45516) ↗ - Rule: Section 232 goods in the headings listed in U.S. note 50(a)(vi)
“As provided in heading 9903.05.07, the additional duty imposed by heading 9903.05.01 shall not apply to: (1) articles of aluminum, of steel or of copper, nor to derivative aluminum or steel articles”
USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 (91 FR 45516) ↗ - Rule: Civil aircraft and parts
“As provided in heading 9903.05.05, the additional duty imposed by heading 9903.05.01 shall not apply to articles the product of Brazil that are civil aircraft (all aircraft other than military aircraft)”
USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 (91 FR 45516) ↗ - Rule: Articles for pharmaceutical use
“As provided in heading 9903.05.06, the additional duty imposed by heading 9903.05.01 shall not apply to articles the product of Brazil for use in pharmaceutical applications”
USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 (91 FR 45516) ↗ - Rule: Stacking with other Chapter 99 duties
“all products that are subject to the additional ad valorem rate of duty imposed by heading 9903.05.01 shall also be subject to any additional duty provided for in this subchapter or in subchapter IV of chapter 99.”
USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 (91 FR 45516) ↗ - Effective
“Effective with respect to goods entered for consumption, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, on or after 12:01 a.m. eastern time on July 22, 2026”
USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 (91 FR 45516) ↗ - Jul 15, 2025
“In accordance with the specific direction of the President, on July 15, 2025 the U.S. Trade Representative initiated an investigation into Brazil's acts, policies, and practices related to digital trade and electronic payment services”
USTR notice of Jul 18, 2025 (90 FR 34069) ↗ - Jun 4, 2026
“the Trade Representative proposes to determine that action is appropriate and that appropriate action would include applying tariffs of 25% on all goods of Brazil, with exemptions for certain goods”
USTR notice of Jun 4, 2026 (91 FR 33854) ↗ - Jul 15, 2026
“(a) The Trade Representative shall impose a tariff of 25 percent on all goods of Brazil, with exemptions for certain goods as discussed in subsection (b) of this section.”
Presidential memorandum of Jul 15, 2026 (91 FR 45619) ↗ - Jul 31, 2026
“on or after 12:01 a.m. eastern time on July 31, 2026, … The article description of heading 9903.05.07 is modified by inserting ''patented pharmaceutical articles;'' after ''wood products;''”
USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 (91 FR 45516) ↗
FAQ
Q Are the Section 301 tariffs on Brazil (digital trade, ethanol, deforestation and other practices) still in effect?
A Yes. Status: in effect, checked Oct 16, 2026 against the Federal Register. USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 (91 FR 45516) states: “In accordance with the specific direction of the President, the Trade Representative is taking action by imposing 25 percent tariffs on all imports of Brazil, with certain exemptions.”
Q What is the rate under the Section 301 tariffs on Brazil (digital trade, ethanol, deforestation and other practices)?
A All products of Brazil: 25%, ad valorem, additional, from Jul 22, 2026. USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 (91 FR 45516): “the Trade Representative is taking action by imposing 25 percent tariffs on all imports of Brazil, with certain exemptions.” Rates listed separately are not added together here.
Q When did the Section 301 tariffs on Brazil (digital trade, ethanol, deforestation and other practices) take effect?
A Jul 22, 2026, 12:01 a.m. eastern time. USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 (91 FR 45516): “Effective with respect to goods entered for consumption, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, on or after 12:01 a.m. eastern time on July 22, 2026”
Q What law are the Section 301 tariffs on Brazil (digital trade, ethanol, deforestation and other practices) based on?
A Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974. USTR notice of Jul 20, 2026 (91 FR 45516): “The United States Trade Representative (Trade Representative) has determined under Section 301(b) and Section 304(a) of the Trade Act of 1974, as amended (Trade Act), that certain of Brazil's acts, policies, and practices at issue in this investigation are actionable”
Method and limits: status reflects the Federal Register documents published up to Oct 16, 2026. For the duty on a specific product, check the Harmonized Tariff Schedule (chapter 99) and CBP's CSMS messages. Not legal or customs advice. How this tracker works.